Stela 15
Dates:
- 8.19.0.0.0 / 416 CE
- 9.0.0.0.0 / 435 CE
- 9.4.10.0.0.0
Kings: 7, 1
Stela 15 is the only Copan monument definitively attributed to Bahlam Nehn. The king is also mentioned contemporaneously on Caracol Stela 16, making him the first Copan king to be mentioned on a monument outside of the region (Martin and Grube 2008, 197). Stela 15 is classified as a Type III stela with four sides of text (Fash, 2004, 259). It had been erected during the period from which we have no figural stelae (Fash 2004, 255).
Erected for the half-k’atun ending, this stela celebrates multiple period endings in Copan’s history (Schele and Schele 1986, 67). Of interest is the k’atun ending 8.19.0.0.0 and the bak’tun ending 9.0.0.0.0, both involving Yax K’uk’ Mo’ (Schele 1986a, 1). The 8.19.0.0.0 k’atun ending in particular occurs roughly ten years before the Founder’s official arrival date as king in 8.19.11.0.13 / 427 (Stuart 2004, 223, 252). According to this stela, Yax K’uk’ Mo’, a foreigner, had visited Copan before his accession (Price et al. 2010; Stuart 2004, 223). The text even refers to the Founder as the “Lord of the West” - a title referring to the king’s Teotihuacan endorsement (Price et al. 2010). This title was also found in Tikal serving the same purpose for its king. In so doing, Bahlam Nehn appears to emphasize Yax K’uk’ Mo’s power through his outside origins rather than through his local affiliations.
Likewise, the seventh ruler highlights the Founder’s celebrated past through the 9.0.0.0.0 bak’tun ending. This date has been particularly auspicious in Copan’s monumental history, appearing on at least five monuments (Motmot Marker, Stela 63, Stela J, and Stela 28) (Stuart 2004, 240). At the time of this stela’s erection, Stela 63 was still accessible in the Papagayo Structure and would be until its destruction and replacement with Stela J in 704 CE (Martin and Grube 2008, 203). Given this fact, this monument was not built as a replacement for Stela 63, which was in turn a replacement of sorts for the Motmot Marker.
With this monument, Bahlam Nehn is the first Copan king to refer to himself as a successor of Yax K’uk’ Mo’, using the succession glyph (Schele 1986a, 1). Given that he starts this trend of describing himself as a successor, celebrating dates associated with Yax K’uk’ Mo’s unique and auspicious qualities would have strengthened his authority.
Interestingly, Stela E provides a variation on this motif by referring to Yax K’uk’ Mo’ himself as a successor, citing the previous Copan lineage (Schele 1986, 4). The stela itself serves as a tribute to Bahlam Nehn, referring to the king several times in the text and presenting the commissioner as under the patronage of the Pax Jaguar, who is present in the seventh king’s name glyph (Baudez 1994, 48; Grube 1990).
Motifs:
- Tz'ak Title
- Pax Jaguar
See Also:
- Stela E
- Caracol Stela 16
- Motmot Marker
- Stela 63
- Stela J
- Stela 28
- Stela 10
- Stela 12
- Stela 13
- Stela 19
- Stela 20
- Stela 21
Sources:
- Fash, Barbara W. 2004. “Early Classic Sculptural Development at Copan.” In Understanding Early Copan, edited by Ellen E. Bell, Marcello A. Canuto, & Robert J. Sharer, 249-264. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Antrhopology
- Grube, Nikolai. 1990. “Copan Note 68: A Reference to Water-Lily Jaguar on Stela 16” In Copan Notes, The. Caracol: Copán Mosaics Project.
- Martin, Simon and Nikolai Grube. 2008. Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Dynasties of the Ancient Maya. London: Thames and Hudson
- Price, T. Douglas, James H. Burton, Robert J. Sharer, Jane E. Buikstra, Lori E. Wright, Loa P. Traxler, and Katherine A. Miller. 2010. "Kings and Commoners at Copan: Isotopic Evidence for Origins and Movement in the Classic Maya Period." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 29 (1): 15-32.
- Schele, Linda. 1986b. “Copan Note 8: The Founders of Lineages at Copan and Other Maya Sites” In Copan Notes, The, 1-21. Austin, TX: Copan Mosaic Project.
- Schele, Linda and David Schele. 1986. “Copan Note 16: Waterlily Jaguar, the Seventh Successor of the Lineage of Yax-K’uk’-Mo’” In Copan Notes, The, 66-78. Austin, TX: Copan Mosaic Project.
- Stuart, David. 2004. "The Beginnings of the Copan Dynasty: A Review of the Hieroglyphic and Historical Evidence" In Understanding Early Copan, edited by Ellen E. Bell, Marcello A. Canuto, & Robert J. Sharer, 215-248. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology